图的搜索 - webdancer's Blog

图的搜索

webdancer posted @ 2011年3月16日 03:41 in 算法 with tags 图论 , 1278 阅读

   最近学习图论,课程片中理论。但是,觉得还是实现一下好。就根据书上的写了图的BFS和DFS搜索算法。

1.图的实现,邻接链表。

 

#include<stdlib.h>

typedef struct {int u;int v;} edge;
struct node{int v;struct node * next;}; 
struct graph{int nv;int ne;struct node ** adj;};
typedef struct graph * Graph;

Graph init(int n){
    Graph g=malloc(sizeof *g);// sizeof graph

    g->nv=n;
    g->ne=0;
    g->adj=malloc((sizeof *(g->adj))*n);
    int i;
    for(i=0;i<g->nv;i++)
        g->adj[i]=NULL;
    
    return g;
}

void insert(Graph g,edge e){
    int u,v;

    u=e.u;
    v=e.v;
    
    struct node* unode=malloc(sizeof *unode);
    unode->v=v;
    unode->next=g->adj[u];

    g->adj[u]=unode;

    struct node* vnode=malloc(sizeof *vnode);
    vnode->v=u;
    vnode->next=g->adj[v];

    g->adj[v]=vnode;

    g->ne++;
}

2.队列实现。

 

#include<stdlib.h>

static int maxsize=0;
static int front=0;
static int rear=0;
int * queue;

int * initq(int max){
    maxsize=max+1;
    queue=malloc(sizeof(int)*maxsize);
    front=rear=0;
    return queue;
}

int add(int * q,int v){
    if((rear+1)%maxsize==front)
        return -1;
    rear=(rear+1)%maxsize;
    q[rear]=v;
    return v;
}

int delete(int *q){
    if(front==rear)
        return -1;
    front=(front+1)%maxsize;
    return q[front];
}

int isempty(){
    return (front==rear)?1:0;
}

3.搜索算法。

 

#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include"graph.c"
#include"queue.c"
/*bfs,dfs algos. from "introduction to algos".
*/

#define MAXV 1000   
#define BIG  (MAXV+1)
#define NUM 100
int color[MAXV];
int d[MAXV];
int p[MAXV];
int f[MAXV];
enum cl {WHITE,GRAY,BLACK};
int * q;
int time;

void bfs(Graph g,int s){
    int i;

    for(i=0;i<g->ne;i++){
        color[i]=WHITE;
        d[i]=-1;
        p[i]=-1;
    }
    color[s]=GRAY;
    d[s]=0;
    p[s]=-1;

    q=initq(NUM);
    add(q,s);

    while(!isempty()){
        int u;
        u=delete(q);
        printf("%d u \n",u);
        struct node * vnode=g->adj[u];
        while(vnode){
            int v;
            v=vnode->v;
            if(color[v]==WHITE){
                color[v]=GRAY;
                d[v]=d[u]+1;
                p[v]=u;
                add(q,v);
            }
            vnode=vnode->next;
        }
        color[u]=BLACK;
    }
}

void dfsv(Graph g,int u){
    color[u]=GRAY;
    time++;
    d[u]=time;
    struct node * vnode;
    vnode=g->adj[u];
    while(vnode){
        int vv;
        vv=vnode->v;
        if(color[vv]==WHITE){
            p[vv]=u;
            dfsv(g,vv);
        }
        vnode=vnode->next;
    }
    color[u]=BLACK;
    time++;
    f[u]=time;
}

void dfs(Graph g){
    int i,v;

    v=g->nv;
    for(i=0;i<v;i++){
        color[i]=WHITE;
        p[i]=-1;
    }
    time=0;
    for(i=0;i<v;i++){
        if(color[i]==WHITE)
            dfsv(g,i);
    }
}


void printpath(Graph g,int s,int v){
    if(v==s)
        printf("%d ",s);
    else if(p[v]==-1)
        printf("no path from s to v\n");
    else
        {
            printpath(g,s,p[v]);
            printf("%d ",v);
        }
}

int main(){
    Graph  g;
    int n=5;
    g=init(n);

    edge e[7];
    e[0].u=0;e[0].v=1;
    e[1].u=0;e[1].v=3;
    e[2].u=1;e[2].v=2;
    e[3].u=1;e[3].v=3;
    e[4].u=1;e[4].v=4;
    e[5].u=2;e[5].v=4;
    e[6].u=3;e[6].v=4;

    int i;
    for(i=0;i<7;i++)
        insert(g,e[i]);
    bfs(g,0);
    printpath(g,0,4);
    printf("\n");
    dfs(g);
    printpath(g,0,4);
    printf("\n");
    
    return 0;
}

CODE过程中,指针的出错还是有,一定要注意动态分配内存的问题,在这个地方很容易出错。还有就是指向指针的指针问题。对于C来说,指针部分得多练多想呀!不知道,谁有好的理解。

TN 11th Model Paper 说:
2022年8月17日 21:24

This section contains the download links for the Tamil Nadu Plus Important Model Question Paper 2023. As you are all aware, getting the best scores on the exam depends greatly on good preparation. All students may gladly download these subject-specific TN Plus Two Important Model Question Paper 2023 to their devices and practise them as needed to finish them all in a timely manner. TN 11th Model Paper 2023 Candidates may also share these TN 11th Important Model Question Paper 2023 with their friends and neighbours in the same manner. Applicants must check the schedule without a doubt in order to be aware of all the key points for each subject.


登录 *


loading captcha image...
(输入验证码)
or Ctrl+Enter
Host by is-Programmer.com | Power by Chito 1.3.3 beta | © 2007 LinuxGem | Design by Matthew "Agent Spork" McGee